Glycocholic acid

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What is the Glycocholic acid ?

Glycocholic acid is Off-white solid, while it's Molecular Formula is C26H43NO6. Used in Pharmaceutical Applications:
Glycocholic acid is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, promoting the flow of bile and aiding in the digestion and absorption of fats. It is particularly useful in the treatment of conditions related to bile flow and fat digestion.
Used in Drug Delivery Systems:
Glycocholic acid is used to increase the intracellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of drugs like epirubicin in Caco-2 cells. It achieves this by decreasing the expression of genes encoding multidrug resistance proteins, such as MDR1, MRP1, and MRP2, when used alone or in combination with epirubicin. This application enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in cancer treatment.
Used in Research and Diagnostics:
The elevated bile acid composition ratio of glycocholic acid in the bile of patients with cholangiocarcinoma and the increased serum levels of glycocholic acid in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma compared to healthy individuals make it a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and study of these conditions.
Used in the Study of Bile Acid Receptors:
Glycocholic acid is used to investigate the regulation of gene expression related to bile acid receptors, such as the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), TGR5, and S1PR2, in various cell lines. This research contributes to the understanding of bile acid signaling and its role in metabolic and homeostatic processes.

What is the CAS number for Glycocholic acid ?

The CAS number of Glycocholic acid is 475-31-0.

More information of Glycocholic acid 475-31-0 are:

What is Glycocholic acid (475-31-0) used for?

Glycocholic acid is a glycine-conjugated form of the primary bile acid cholic acid and has roles in the emulsification of fats. It reduces expression of the gene encoding the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and increases expression of the genes encoding the bile acid receptors TGR5 and S1PR2 in SNU-245 cells when used at a concentration of 1.6 μmol/ml. Glycocholic acid (250 μM) increases the intracellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of epirubicin in Caco-2 cells, as well as decreases expression of the genes encoding multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), MDR-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and MRP2 when used alone or in combination with epirubicin. It increases absorption of epirubicin into everted sacs of rat ileum and jejunum when used at a concentration of 250 μM. The bile acid composition ratio of glycocholic acid is elevated in bile of patients with cholangiocarcinoma compared with patients with pancreatic cancer or benign biliary diseases. Serum levels of glycocholic acid are elevated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with healthy individuals.

InChI:InChI=1/C26H43NO6/c1-14(4-7-22(31)27-13-23(32)33)17-5-6-18-24-19(12-21(30)26(17,18)3)25(2)9-8-16(28)10-15(25)11-20(24)29/h14-21,24,28-30H,4-13H2,1-3H3,(H,27,31)(H,32,33)/t14-,15+,16-,17-,18+,19+,20-,21+,24+,25+,26-/m1/s1

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